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| − | ===== Cradle to Cradle (William McDonough en Michael Braungart) =====
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| − | Architect William Mc Donough en chemist Michael braungart wrote a book in 2002 on how to integrate design and science so that it provides benefits for the society from saving materials, water and energy in circular economies and eliminates the concept of waste.
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| − | The book is showing a design framework that are derived from nature.
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| − | Everything(material) can be used as a resource for something else. In nature, the “waste” of one system can always become food for another. So in this cradle to cradle theory everything can be designed to be disassembled and safely returned to the soil as biological nutrients. Or re-utiilezed. As high (raw) materials for new products (without having waste)
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| − | ===== Superuse (Superuse Studios), Circular Design & Blue Economy (Gunter Pauli)=====
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| − | With an innovative approach Superuse studio’s creates architectural projects. In the design method they use, they use materials that would normally being wasted, creating a sustainable design. It’s an example of circularity and the blue economy.
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| − | ===== Regenerative Design (Kate Raworth e.o.) =====
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| − | Buildings have to be built and designed by thinking one step ahead. That means that buildings have to be designed and built to reverse the damage and have a positive impact on the environment. A few examples are buildings that generate and store energy for the surrounding buildings, or buildings that get carbon out of the air. The main idea is that a building should give to their environment instead of using the resources.
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| − | Regenerative design is built on five principals:
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| − | • Understanding the product’s or processes’ relationship to place throughout its life cycle
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| − | • Determine goals that recognize the regenerative capacity
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| − | • Become a partner to place instead of purely extracting from it
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| − | • Strive to achieve harmonization between people and place
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| − | ===== Sustainism (Diana Krabbendam, Michael Schwarz) =====
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| − | The time for modernism is over, in today’s global conditions, it has become essential for us as a society to start looking at the bigger picture, and to start taking action. Sustainism includes every aspect that we as social beings deal with, from food to social media. In this new style of culture complex and diverse connections between local communities are formed to create an interwoven ‘web’ of humanity. Local produce will become more accessible and sustainable lifestyles will become the new norm. The term sustainism already suggests a connection to the word ‘sustainability’, however, sustainism adds the layer of global and local connections to each other as humans by utilizing the technological advancements we have made over the decades. The concept of sustainism challenges innovators and creators to find creative solutions to link everything in our communities together and close the circularity gap in our economy.
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| − | ===== Civic Economy (Joost Beunderman e.o.), Open Design =====
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| − | ===== Biomimicry =====
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| − | Biomimicry is based on 3.8 billion years of evolution, where the best ideas and adaptations survive. Biomimicry is the science and art of imitating the best biological idea in nature to invent, improve and make human applications more sustainable.
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| − | The term biomimicry is derived from the contraction of the Greek words bios "life" and mimesis "imitate", literally "imitate life". The term biomimicry was first used by Janine Benyus in her book "Biomimicry, innovation inspired by nature" (1997).
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| − | She used the following definition:
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| − | 1. Nature as a model. Biomimicry is the art and our science that studies, uses as inspiration and imitates strategies from nature to solve problems in human societies, for example a solar cell inspired by a leaf.
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| − | 2. Nature as the benchmark. Biomimicry applies ecological measures to determine the "suitability / suitability" of innovations. After 3.8 billion years of evolution, nature has learned: What works. What is appropriate. Which is permanent.
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| − | 3. Nature as a mentor. Biomimicry is a new way of looking at and appreciating nature. It introduces an era that is not based on what we can get from nature, but what we can learn from nature.
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| − | ===== Minimalism, lightness =====
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| − | Minimalism is all about removing unnecessary things from your life which will lead you to a life with more time, money and freedom to live a more meaningful life. The vision is living with the things you need and nothing more. To achieve that people live by the rule of recycle, reduce and reuse. Minimalism is a tool that can assist you in finding freedom from the consumer culture that western society lives by.
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